What is a Neuron?

A neuron is recognized as a specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses, which is fundamental to the nervous system's operations. These cells are designed to receive, process, and send information throughout the body, allowing for communication between the brain and other parts of the body. The structure of a neuron includes components such as the cell body, dendrites, and axon, which work together to facilitate the rapid transmission of electrical signals.

Neurons are crucial in various functions, including reflexes, sensory processing, and coordination of actions. This capability of sending and receiving signals is essential for the functioning of the entire nervous system, impacting everything from voluntary movements to involuntary responses. The option that defines a neuron accurately emphasizes its role in transmitting nerve impulses, solidifying its importance in physiology and neurology.